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Test Review Chp. 10-12 AP World History Multiple Choice MC 1-5 MC 6-10 MC 11-15 MC 16-20 MC 26-30 > 33) The principle beliefs of Judaism are that there is a single caring God, who demands obedience, God of history and affects the destiny of individuals and nations, community rooted in a divinely chosen family and ethnic group, specific “promised” homeland, and legal system to guide proper behavior. > 34) The bubonic plague was a side effect of the Pax Mongolica. The disease was passed from Central Asia to China and declined the Chinese population. Then, the disease spread to Europe and killed one- third of its population. > 35) Local transactions were the greatest part of the exchange economy before 1500 B.C.E. > 36) Delhi was annexed to the British empire in 1775. > 37)Paul believed faith was the most important criterion. > 38) Chinggis Khan and his successors failed to capture Japan because they were stopped by kamikaze which blocked them from sailing their ships. > 39) The Torah gives women fewer civil rights and religious rights than men. Women are suppose to take care of the children. > 40) Granada was the only Islamic kingdom left in Spain during the Christian Reconquista and the Muslims fled to escape the advancement of the Christians. Two Muslim rulers built Alhambra or Qalat al-hambra in Arabic. > 41) Eastern Orthodox had a stronger base than Roman Catholic. But, over time Roman Catholic gained a bigger base due to the assistance of the Muslims. > 42) West African trade was dependent upon camel to deliver goods to Europe or pack animals were used to deliver goods across the savanna. > 43) Men have rights to how they treat women and to satisfy their sexual needs. Also, men have many other rights that Shari’a law gives them but, women have no rights, they are suppose to be obedient to the men. > 44) The Quadis were apart of the ulama class that interpreted Islamic law. > 45) The most common trading good was luxury goods such as spices and silks. > 46) Ibn Khaldum views were that tensions between people were occupational related, the difference between westerners and easterners are cultural, not innate, nomadic peoples tended to conquer urban peoples, and scholars are the least fitted for politics. > 47) Arab merchants setup the main trading link between East Africa and the Indian Ocean. > 48) Judaism began when Abraham made a pact with God and told him that his descendants will forever worship God. > 49) Muslim rule in Spain was mainly controlled by the Abbasid caliph, Abu al-Rahman. > 50) The most important commandment is to love God. > 52) The church kept order in Europe by creating social stability. > 53) The Mongol empire began to fall when problems arise from when Genghis Khan died and there was a struggle for who deserves the power. This allowed the empire to be weakened and the Chinese attacked during the Ming dynasty. > 54) The Il-Khan dominanted and had good military strategy. > 55)The four gospels were written by the romans and were not written about jesus. > 56) The trade was done in many places but market centers were dominant. > 57)Was fought by Charles Martel and was effected my the catholic church because of the fear of Islam spreading. > 58) The traders were Christians and converted many > 59) The spices were considered very exotic and was highly wanted. Also the porcelain was elaborate. > 60)The dogma lead to fighting between religions. > 61) Chinggis Khan united surrounding tribes to make the capital. His father was the chief of the tribe but was poisoned by another tribe. He conquerd many and was very brutal. Chinggis died 1227 and left his empire for his son Ogedei. > 62) The crusades were fought because of political, economic, and religious reasons. The Arab armies allowed Christians to still worship and allowed Jews to return to Jerusalem. Later the Muslims won a battle and the European Christian crusades were successful. > 63) Kanchipura remained powerful as well as Delhi and Calicut. > 64) Abraham was the father of Judaism and Jesus came down on Earth to save people. > 65) The Jewish kingdoms split and caused much fighting. > 66)The Spanish Inquisition was made in 1480 to maintain catholic orthodoxy in the kingdoms and reduce papal control. > 67)Constantine converted to Christianity after seeing the cross and winning the battle the next day. He tried to convert his family like his mother that agreed to do so. He forced his people into converting. > 68) The jews mainly stayed in Babylonia because they were already settled there. > > 69) The books remained strong as the jews were more and more spread apart > 70) Charlemagne spent most of his adulthood in warfare. He got back NE spain and beat the Lombard rulers of Italy > 71) Rome was powerful and gaining more land. > 72) The Abbasid was a clan in Northern Iran. They tried to bring order to heterogeneous epole and used Arabic as a unifying language. They urged non-Muslims to convert. > 74) Theodosius claimed Christianity the official religion of the Roman Emipire. He restricted Judaism and forbade the worship of Roman gods > 75)Mu’awiya is the Umayyad leader who declared himself caliph. He made Damascus the capital in Syria from Arabia and he was more professional in administration. > 77) The Incas engaged in extensive trade, and many of the roads used were open to government officials. > 78) Mesopotamia, Nile valley, and the Indus Valley were old centers of urbanization. > 79) The Mayan sailors carried frankincense to China. > 80) From 680 onward, Shi’as went into battle for the appointment of their imams. > 81) A quipu was a device of knotted string used to record history. > 82) Signaling new policy direction, the Abbasid caliph built a new capital at Baghdad. > 83) Genghis Khan united the Mongols for the first time after 1200 C.E. > 84) The Quran states that observe Islam devotedly will be promised reward in paradise > 85) The Torah portrays god as an evolving moral force in dialogue with humans > 86) Yom Kippur, Hanukah, and Shavuot don’t begin in the Hebrew month Nisan. > 87) First dated use of decimal system was recorded by the Indians. > 88) In the fourth century, China began trading more often in the Indian Ocean and South China Sea. > 89) The fertile crescent greatly shaped the Islamic World. > 90) Paul visited Malta, Crete, and Italy on his fourth journey. > 91) Levitictus, Exodus, and Numbers were all books that formed the Torah. > 92) In 1350, West Africa produced two thirds of the gold financed in trade in the eastern hemisphere. > 93) In a capitalist system, exchange of goods follow the number of product and the amount people want. > 94) Free market economies don’t require government intervention. > 95) Spain was not conquered by Islams until around 751 C.E.
 * 1. The rule of Saul, David, and Solomon was united (politically and religious power). Josiah ruled Judea in the 600s BCE. They were strong kings and built foundations for future generations.
 * 2. Monasteries were simple Christian communities that were often isolated from urban areas. It was open to anyone, even women (seen as equals as long as there weren’t any sexual activities).
 * 3. The Polynesian sailors did trade. Their main focus was to find new places to settle in. They didn’t really want to explore or established any kind of empire.
 * 4. The Muslims began their calendar with the date Muhammad moved to Medina. The calendar wasn’t made at Muhammad’s birth or death. Abraham was Judaism.
 * 5. Before the death of Solomon in 926 BCE, the Jewish state controlled the area from the Euphrates in the north to the southern border at the Red Sea. The Dead Sea and the Sea of Galilee were already within the Jewish state.
 * 6. Muslim traders attracted local traders to convert Islam. They formed a base of community and trust for business using Islam. They ranged as far as China and had a critical role in establishing ports along shores of the Indian Ocean.
 * 7. Abu Bakr was the father of Muhammad and a close associate of him. He ruled from 632-634 and used force to keep people from backing out of Islam. He was the first caliph after Muhammad died.
 * 8. Photography was invented during the 1800s, specifically the 1830s.
 * 9. In the year 250 CE most of Rome’s Christian members were from the lower class. There were some upper and middle class peoples but most were from the lower class.
 * 10. Paul and Peter were both Jesus’ most devoted disciples after he died. Paul did not trust women, even though there were many in the church, and stayed unmarried like Jesus. Paul thought slavery was wrong, but if there is slavery, he thought the masters should at least be kind to the slaves.
 * 11. The Essences stayed aloof from politics and preached that the world was imminent. The Zealots wanted to drive out Roman violence while the Pharisees reinterpreted Jewish traditions and the Sadducees stayed as servants of the Roman Empire.
 * 12. Pentecost commemorates the beginning of the Apostle’s preaching mission. It also corresponds with the Jewish Pentecost.
 * 13. Some of the things that have added to the problem of studying Islamic history would be potential biases of Islamic histories, commercial and governmental documents of Islamic society (based on their legal system), and quotations from Muhammad that were written down.
 * 14. The rule of the Mongols was relatively brief largely because their empire was too extensive. Genghis Khan’s sons helped each other by splitting up the huge empire, but soon, the people and themselves assimilated into other cultures such as the Turks and the Chinese.
 * 15. Political goals were one of the main driving forces for the expansion of the Islamic empire (mostly from the ruling classes). Military goals coincided with religious goals where they wanted to convert people to Islam.
 * 16. The Torah was written before the birth of Jesus Christ. It began with God’s creations and is abound with miracles. Little has been changed since its writings have to been found and translated.
 * 17. The Sufis were less interested in the ulama. They were pretty open minded because they also absorbed other cultures such as Judaism, Christianity, and Buddhism. They had mosques and temples in the Islamic empire and sought to seek the mystical path to God.
 * 18. Islam means submission to Allah. Islam began with Muhammad who had a vision from Gabriel to transmit the truth to Muslims.
 * 19. Augustine had some theories that supported the separation of church and state. He wasn’t the first pope, but had theories such as the messages of God should be more spiritual than political. He also taught that humans have the power to choose from good or evil (judgment).
 * 2o. The Diaspora at the hands of the Romans altered the Jewish existence and affected the way their worshipped and such. The Babylonian Diaspora wasn’t as bad because some were allowed to stay.
 * MC 21-25
 * 21. The campaigns of Genghis Khan extended as far west near the European borders.
 * 22. Jesus Christ was crucified at the cross. He thought of Jewish religious authorities as hypocrites and tried to aim his message to all peoples, although most were lower class.
 * 23. Areas of major strength for Roman Catholicism were mostly Eastern Europe.
 * 24. The Mutazilites held the ideas that some teachings of the Quran were metaphorical and not literal. They also thought the Quran has not always existed.
 * 25. Some of the pillars of Islam are making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once, donating alms to the poor, there is no god but Allah, and praying five time a day.
 * 26. The Muslims conquered Mecca, Ibn Ishaq wrote the biography of Muhammad, the formulation of major systems of Islamic law, and Baghdad was founded.
 * 27. There were some Christian denominations in Europe/Africa. The core Catholic church was mainly in France while the Coptic church was in Armenia and Egypt mainly, and the Orthodox church was in Byzantine and Russia.
 * 28. In the 1450s, there were extensive networks of trade routes, but North America had the least because it was isolated from the rest of the major powers which were in Northern Africa, Europe, and Asia.
 * 29. There were major African empires dealing with trade such as Axum, Great Zimbabwe, Songhay, Ghana, and Mali.
 * 30. Marco Polo was a traveler. Some of his most memorable ones would be going to the Asian countries and writing it down in his memoirs. He did travel to China at its rise of trade.
 * __//** Joanna^ **//__
 * 31) Hinduism is the primarily religion associated with the Indian subcontinent.
 * 32) Cambay was one of the ports for the Bay of Bengal trade region.
 * -__//**Larissa**//__^
 * 51) Rumi: was a Sufi and Persian mystic. He wrote many works and he worshiped by doing the whirling dervishes (dance),singing and poetry.
 * __//**Millie^**//__
 * 76)If you use reason you can find god according to him.

Chapter 10-12 Study Guide Anajah Delestre Cassidy Gazaway


 * 1) 1- The kingdom split in two, the kingdom of Judah and the kingdom of Israel.
 * 2) 2-Monasteries were small isolated communities. They were for men and women that each lived in celibacy.
 * 3) 3-They were not interested in sailing for the sake of exploration, but only to find places in which to settle, raise families, and obtain necessary food supplies.
 * 4) 4-Muhammad’s flight under pressure to Medina became a central moment in Islamic history. Muslims begin theirs with the hijra and Muhammad’s assertion of governmental leadership in Medina.
 * 5) 5- The Red Sea was the southern border before the death of Solomon.
 * 6) 6- Muslim traders said with the monsoon winds first to India, then to Southeast Asia, and some even on to the southeast coast of China. With the lateen sails the sailors could complete a round trip from Mesopotamia to China in less than two years.
 * 7) 7- Abu Bakr mobilized to prevent Muslims from deserting their new religion and attacked those who tried. He was the first caliph.
 * 8) 8- The word was first used by the scientist Sir John F.W. Herschel in 1839
 * 9) 9-In the year 250 CE, most of Rome’s Christians were members of the lower class
 * 10) 10- Paul moved to subordinate women first at home then in church.
 * 11) 11- Essences, lived a prayerful existence by the shores of the Dead Sea, stayed aloof from politics, and preached the imminent end of the world as they knew it.
 * 12) 12- Pentecost is the festival commemorates the decent of the Holy Spirit o the Apostles of Christ and the beginning of their preaching mission.
 * 13) 13- The writing of the Quran has not added to the problems of studying Islamic history.
 * 14) 14-The rule of the Mongols was relatively brief largely because most Mongols were wiped out by the bubonic plague.
 * 15) 15- Religious goals was the least important motivation factor.
 * 16) 16- It is abound with miracles, as God intervenes continuously in the history of the Jews. It has changed little since itwas written
 * 17) 17-Sufis seek the mystical path to God.
 * 18) 18-Islam believes God transmitted the truth to Muslims through the angel Gabriel.
 * 19) 19- Augustine, bishop of Hippo in north Africa, declared its message to be spiritual rather than political.
 * 20) 20- The Roman dispersion fundamentally and permanently altered Jews existence, removing all but a few years from the region of Israel until the 20th century.
 * 21) 21- AinJalut was far west of the campaign of Genghis Khan
 * 22) 22-Jesus was crucified at 33 years old. He angered both the Jewish religious establishment, which viewed him as heretic and the Roman imperial government, which feared the revolutionary potential of his rabble rousing.
 * 23) 23-Kievan Russia was not a major area of strength for Roman Catholicism
 * 24) 24- Mutazilites did not believe the teaching of the Quran were metaphorical, not literal.
 * 25) 25- Making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once, donating alms to the poor, an praying five times a day while facing Mecca are some of the pillars of Islam.
 * 26) 26- Muslim conquest of Mecca was 600 CE. IbnIshaq was in 767 CE. Formulation of major systems of Islamic law then Baghdad founded 762 CE.
 * 27) 27- Coptic church was in Egypt, the Armenian, and the Ethiopian.
 * 28) 28-North America had the least extensive network of trade routes in 1450.
 * 29) 29- The three large empires in succession was Ghana, Mali, and Songhay.
 * 30) 30- Marco Polo was imprisoned and he dictated the tales of his travels to his fellow prisoner Rustichello, a writer of romances. He set out to China many times but never traveled to southern Africa.
 * 31) 31- In India Hindu was the majority of people.
 * 32) 32- the Bay of Bengal trade region included Hormuz.
 * 33) 33-a single caring God, demanding obedience, who administers rewards and punishments fairly and in accordance with his fixed laws.
 * 34) 34- the disease followed the Mongols from Central Asia into China in 1331 and decimated its population. It was transmitted by rats. It killed 2/3’s of Europe's population.
 * 35) 35- Before 1500 CE the greatest part of the exchange economy was the local transactions.
 * 36) 36- In 1775, Britain annexed the Congo to its empire in India
 * 37) 37-According to Paul, those who believed in Jesus and accepted membership in the new Christian community would be forgive be God and “saved”
 * 38) 38- Chinggis wasn’t able to conquer Japan because the planned assault of Japan in 1281 was stopped by kamikaze, diving winds, which prevented the Mongol fleet from sailing.
 * 39) 39- The Torah grants women fewer civil and religious rights than men. Marriage is regarded as the norm.
 * 40) 40- The Alhambra in in the city Granada.
 * 41) 41- Eastern Orthodoxy had a strong urban base when compared Catholicism.
 * 42) 42- The domestication of the camel in the second to fifth century CE opened the possibility of regular trans-Saharan trade.
 * 43) 43-Shari’a provides rights for men, but not for women.
 * 44) 44-Islamic law consists of two major systems practiced in different regions of the Islamic world.
 * 45) 45- they traded silks,. Porcelains, and pepper which are luxury items.
 * 46) 46-Ibn Khaldun didn’t say that tension between peoples is often related to class. He thinks it is from the difference in their occupation.
 * 47) 47-West Africa was the main trading link between East Africa
 * 48) 48-Judaism has had a role in history that is disproportionate to the number of its followers.
 * 49) 49- Muslims rule in Spain was characterized by suppression of Christianity and Judaism.
 * 50) 50- Jesus declared that the most important commandment was to “Love the Lord your God with al your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind”
 * 51) 51- Rumi though it was possible to grow closer to God through dance.
 * 52) 52- The church was the most fundamental institution in Europe for maintaining order and character.
 * 53) 53-revolution simmered until 1368, when the Ming dynasty overthrew the Mongols and ruled for almost three centuries, until 1644
 * 54) 54- Il-Khan Empire encompassed Tibet.
 * 55) 55-The four gospels were written between about 70 CE and 100 CE.
 * 56) 56-Trade diasporas were networks of interconnected commercial communities throughout Africa, Europe and Asia.
 * 57) 57-In the eighth century, the advance of Islam into Europe was most rapid in Italy.
 * 58) 58-traders were usually ethnically Roman at the height of the Roman Empire because the Romans controlled much of the land.
 * 59) 54- Il-Khan Empire encompassed Tibet.
 * 60) 55-The four gospels were written between about 70 CE and 100 CE.
 * 61) 56-Trade diasporas were networks of interconnected commercial communities throughout Africa, Europe and Asia.
 * 62) 57-In the eighth century, the advance of Islam into Europe was most rapid in Italy.
 * 63) 58-traders were usually ethnically Roman at the height of the Roman Empire because the Romans controlled much of the land.
 * 64) 65-Jewish kingdom split into Judaea and Israel happened most recently.
 * 65) 66- Spanish Inquisition was established to hunt down those suspected of being insincere converts
 * 66) 67- Constantine had a vision in which a cross and the worlds “ in this sign you will be victorious” appeared to him and immediately declared Christianity legal
 * 67) 68- When the Jews returned to Canaan there was violent, political and religious warfare between the invading Jews and the resident Canaanite peoples.
 * 68) 69- The later books of Jewish scripture describe many historical events and people that have been independently verified. It did include the Nevi’im and Ketuvium and had the four gospels. It survived the diasporas because we know about it.
 * 69) 70-Charlemagne was crowned Roman Emperor by the Pope.
 * 70) 71-Rome was the larges geographic territory at the time of Jesus.
 * 71) 72-Abbasid caliphate continued to urge non-Muslims to convert.
 * 72) 74-Emperor Theodosius declared Christianity to be the official religion of the Roman Empire. He outlawed the worship of the traditional Roman gods and severely restricted Judaism.
 * 73) 75- Mu’awiya declared himself caliph. He moved the capital out of Arabia to Damascus. Ali was the first caliph.
 * 74) 76- Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazzali was felt that rationality was the way to God. He was very intellectual and lived passed 20.
 * 75) 77-In the Inca period they engaged in a substantial amount of trade but the government could only use the roads to regulate it.
 * 76) 78-The Mississippi Valley is the youngest because it was founded in 3000 BCE. The Nile valley was in 3150 BCE, Mesopotamia in 3100 BCE, and Indus Valley in 3300 BCE.
 * 77) 79-Malay sailors established sea routes from East Africa to China.
 * 78) 80- The Shi’as would recognize only descendants of Ali as imams, religious leaders who were also rightful caliphs. Shia’as went into battle for the appointment of their imams to fill the position of caliph.
 * 79) 81-The Inca Empire used quipu a device of knotted string used to record dates and accounts.
 * 80) 82- Baghdad was built by the Abbasid dynasty.
 * 81) 83- the Mongols were divided in several warring tribes prior to 1200, each led by a Khan.
 * 82) 84-Quran promises repeatedly that those who observe Islam faithfully with find their reward in paradise.
 * 83) 85-According to Jewish beliefs, God would sometimes talk with humans
 * 84) 86- Yom Kippur is in the month Tishri. Hannukah is in the month Kislev-Tevet. Shavuot is in the month Sivan and Pesach is in the month Nisan.
 * 85) 87- Arabs adopted and transmitted Hindi numeral and the decimal system, including the zero, throughout the empire and into Europe, but the Indians were the first to develop it.
 * 86) 88- During the Tang dynasty, Chinese trade activity increase in the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean.
 * 87) 89-many of the major agricultural exchanges came from India.
 * 88) 90-Macedonia was not visited by Paul on his fourth journey.
 * 89) 91- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, and Numbers are books that form the Torah.
 * 90) 92-Egypt had the majority of gold in circulation in the Middle East
 * 91) 93-levels of supply and demand in markets is how goods and services are governed.
 * 92) 94-An economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses is a free market. There isn’t benevolent government regulation.
 * 93) 95-Spain wasn’t conquered yet by Islam in 650 CE.